![]() The clear/white and red colors of the finished arrow points were selected, it is argued, for their symbolic value rather than functional considerations, such as improved knapping efficiency or sharper or more durable edges. An unusual aspect of the assemblage was the appreciable crystal quartz and chert reduction, the latter employing intentional thermal alteration, that was directed toward the manufacture of arrow points. Extensive chert, crystal quartz, and novaculite knapping occurred at Toltec, and an array of chipped, ground, and battered and abraded stone tools and unusual artifacts were present. Chowning, who generously donated his materials to the Arkansas Archeological Survey for use at Toltec Mounds State Park. The current analysis is based on lithic artifacts found during excavations in Mound C in 1966, and in a massive surface collection made over a period of fifty years by a local avocational archaeologist, Frank E. A diverse array of lithic artifacts have been found at the site over the past century that can help us determine events that took place on the site, and contribute to understanding how complex societies operated, both at Toltec and in the larger region. ![]() Toltec Mounds in central Arkansas was one of the largest sites in Eastern North America during the Late Woodland period. ![]()
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